Skip Navigation



The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Advance Access published online on January 30, 2009
The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, doi:10.1093/gerona/gln044
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
64A/4/468    most recent
gln044v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Wolinsky, F. D.
Right arrow Articles by Tennstedt, S. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Wolinsky, F. D.
Right arrow Articles by Tennstedt, S. L.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

The Effect of Speed-of-Processing Training on Depressive Symptoms in ACTIVE

Fredric D. Wolinsky1,2, Mark W. Vander Weg1,2, Rene Martin1,2, Frederick W. Unverzagt3, Karlene K. Ball4, Richard N. Jones5 and Sharon L. Tennstedt6

1 Iowa City VAMC, Iowa
2 University of Iowa, Iowa City
3 Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
4 University of Alabama at Birmingham
5 Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
6 New England Research Institutes, Boston, Massachusetts

Address correspondence to Fredric D. Wolinsky, PhD, Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, E205 General Hospital, Iowa City, IA 52242. Email: fredric-wolinsky{at}uiowa.edu


  Abstract

Objective.: We evaluated the effects of three cognitive training interventions on depressive symptoms at 1 and 5 years.

Methods.: Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly is a multisite randomized controlled trial (age ≥ 65 years), with four groups (memory, reasoning, speed-of-processing, and no-contact control). Complete data were available for 2,014 (72%) and 1,516 (54%) of 2,802 participants at 1 and 5 years. Separate propensity score models adjusted for potential attrition bias. Clinically important increases in depressive symptoms were defined as: (a) Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale (CES-D)-12 score increases ≥0.5 SD and (b) CES-D-12 score increases ≥1.0 SD. Multivariable logistic regression was used.

Results.: The speed-of-processing group (vs the no-contact control group) was 30% less likely to experience clinically important increases in depressive symptoms at 1-year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.700, p = .012) and 5-year (AOR = 0.698, p = .023) posttraining for the ≥0.5 SD threshold. Similar results (AOR = .669 with p = .039 at 1 year; AOR = 0.651 with p = .059 at 5 years) were obtained for the ≥1.0 SD threshold. No differences were observed among the control, memory, or reasoning groups at either time period or at either threshold.

Conclusion.: The speed-of-processing intervention reduced the risk of clinically important increases in depressive symptoms at 1- and 5-years postbaseline.

Keywords Cognitive training; Depression; Randomized controlled trial; Speed-of-processing

Received: May 9, 2008; Accepted: August 5, 2008

Decision Editor: Darryl Wieland, MD, PhD


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?




Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.